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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 12:49 am
Time: 12:49 am
Results for guns and violence
5 results foundAuthor: Buchanan, Cate Title: Guns and Violence in the El Salvador Peace Negotiations Summary: This report examines the peace negotiation process that put an end to a twelve- year-long civil war in El Salvador. The report aims to show how the various negotiators approached the multiple tasks of disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration of rebel and government forces; security sector reform; the control of vast quantities of weapons in circulation throughout the country after decades of militarisation; and strategies for assisting those traumatised and disabled by armed violence. Details: Geneva: Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, 2008. 46p. Source: Internet Resource; Negotiating Disarmament: Country Study, No. 3 Year: 2008 Country: El Salvador URL: Shelf Number: 119438 Keywords: Armed Violence (El Salvador)Guns and ViolenceViolenceWeapons |
Author: Milliken, Jennifer Title: Tackling Violence Against Women: From Knowledge to Practical Initiatives Summary: Although the number of women who are violently injured and killed each year worldwide is not known with any precision, available evidence, while unsystematic and incomplete, already indicates that violence against women (VAW) is ‘a universal problem of epidemic proportions’ (UNIFEM, 2007). VAW occurs in both conflict and non-conflict situations. It is often less evident in its occurrence and effects than the deaths and injuries of men as combatants in armed conflicts or as gang members in violence related to drug wars. Yet women and girls are often victimized or adversely affected in other ways in these and all other armed violence settings. Women and girls are also common targets of sexual violence in armed conflict and fragmented societies, and they suffer disproportionately from its indirect consequences. In non-conflict situations, women are the victims of intimate-partner (or ‘domestic’) and sexual violence, honour killings, and dowry-related violence (GD Secretariat, 2008b). The economic costs associated with armed violence are tremendous. It is estimated that the annual economic cost of armed violence in terms of lost productivity due to violent homicides is between USD 95 billion and USD 163 billion alone (GD Secretariat, 2008b, p. 89). Additional costs include medical costs associated with treating the injured or indirect costs such as loss of income from the victim’s inability to work. However, a focus on costs ignores the wider relationship among armed violence, livelihood perspectives, development, and the (indirect) impact on women and men. The gendered dynamic of these relationships is complex. As the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) states: When husbands are killed, women frequently lose their access to farmlands and the right to live in their marital homes. The resulting survival choice for many affected women and children is prostitution, commercial labour or domestic servitude. This has consequences for ongoing exposure to violence and ill health from communicable diseases and poor working conditions, as well as future community exclusion (OECD, 2009, p. 32). The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development (GD) is a diplomatic initiative built around the recognition that armed violence and development are closely linked. From its inception, the GD initiative has recognized the importance of the gendered aspect of armed violence. It promotes a comprehensive approach to armed violence reduction issues, recognizing the different situations, needs and resources of men and women, boys and girls, as reflected in the provisions of UN Security Council Resolutions 1325 and 1612 (GD Secretariat, 2006). However, (armed) violence against women and its impact on development, while acknowledged since the inception of the GD, has so far been only partially addressed by the GD Secretariat. This Working Paper represents one of the actions by the GD Secretariat to support work on the elimination of (armed) VAW with a view to enhancing development. It is divided into two sections. The first section illustrates the context of the GD, (armed) VAW, and development. The second section sets out five possible initiatives to fill research gaps on VAW: 1. support international initiatives to track VAW globally; 2. promote field-based research on mapping VAW; 3. develop improved costing tools for estimating the effects of VAW on development; 4. extend the work on a contextual appraisal toolkit for implementing VAW interventions; and 5. support a comprehensive evaluation toolkit for VAW prevention and reduction programmes. The first three initiatives focus on filling gaps in mapping VAW; the last two present ways to support VAW reduction and prevention programming. The Working Paper concludes with the observation that further innovative research is needed to understand the scope and scale of VAW, such as its negative impact on development. Research initiatives need to acknowledge the complexity, and the sometimes-apparent paradox, of the phenomenon of VAW, as well as support the development and evaluation of programming efforts to prevent and reduce VAW. Details: Geneva, Switzerland: Geneva Declaration Secretariat, 2011. 49p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 10, 2011 at: http://www.genevadeclaration.org/fileadmin/docs/WP-TVAW/GD-WP-Tackling-VAW.pdf Year: 2011 Country: International URL: http://www.genevadeclaration.org/fileadmin/docs/WP-TVAW/GD-WP-Tackling-VAW.pdf Shelf Number: 122683 Keywords: Domestic ViolenceGuns and ViolenceHomicidesIntimate Partner ViolenceViolence Against WomenViolent Crime |
Author: Interdisciplinary Analysts Title: Armed Violence in the Terai Summary: Since the signing of a comprehensive peace agreement in 2006 Nepal has been in a delicate state of peace. While most international and domestic attention is devoted to the political situation in Kathmandu, one region, the Terai, has experienced a post-war rise in violence and a proliferation of armed groups. Since 2007, the Terai has witnessed bombings, shootings, abductions, extortion, armed crime and domestic violence making it the most insecure region in Nepal. The report seeks to explain these trends and give an impression of the state of security in the Terai during 2010. It finds that while violence continues to take place, several indicators and widespread popular perception suggest that the overall security situation is improving. Based upon the results of a household survey, focus group discussions and interviews conducted in 2010, most people feel that their community is safe, it is safer than the previous year and they are not concerned that someone in their household would become a victim of crime. Research also suggests that neither weapons ownership nor crime rates are as high as popularly perceived and, in fact, are surprisingly low. However, the report also underscores that optimism must be tempered by caution. A lack of accurate and reliable data and monthly fluctuations in the number of violent incidents make it hard to assess whether security is definitively improving. The improvement in perceptions of security is also not uniform – women and those living in the border areas are far more likely to feel unsafe at home or in the community. Most importantly, research found that many of the factors that drive insecurity are also still in place and remain salient. So long as phenomena like the proliferation of armed groups, the politicisation of crime, the criminalisation of politics, socioeconomic exclusion, limited border controls and weak state security provision remain unaddressed, any improvement in security is conditional and prone to reversal. When viewed within the wider context of political uncertainty and events such as the deadline for a new constitution (28 May 2011) and the rehabilitation of former combatants, the ongoing salience of these and other factors helps to explain why this report found that optimism over improved security was accompanied by an unease that the situation may turn for the worse with relative speed. Details: London: Saferworld, 2011. 81p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 10, 2011 at: http://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/Armed%20violence%20in%20the%20Terai%20Aug%202011%20reduced.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Nepal URL: http://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/Armed%20violence%20in%20the%20Terai%20Aug%202011%20reduced.pdf Shelf Number: 122688 Keywords: Guns and ViolenceSecurityViolence (Nepal)Violent Crime |
Author: Karki, Sachchi Title: Assessing Armed Violence in Nepal Summary: This first issue of Rupantaran, (‘transformation’ in Nepalese), highlights key issues surrounding armed violence in Nepal and considers current development solutions. Details: Kathmandu, Nepal: Nepal Armed Violence Reduction Working Group, 2012. 8p. Source: Rupantaran, Pilot Issue: Internet Resource: Accessed January 13, 2013 at http://www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/1210/eldis.upload.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Nepal URL: http://www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/1210/eldis.upload.pdf Shelf Number: 127277 Keywords: Armed GroupsArmed Violence (Nepal)Guns and Violence |
Author: Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Title: Armed Violence in Norway: Incidence and Responses Summary: This report concerns the incidence and impact of armed violence in Norway and the strategies employed by both state agencies and civil society to prevent and reduce the phenomenon. The report also presents Norway's broad range of responses to the global problem of armed violence. Armed violence has been recognised by the United Nations, an increasing number of member states, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and civil society organisations as a global humanitarian, developmental and security problem. The UN estimates that armed violence claims some 740,000 lives each year, with several million more people being injured for life. This report has been produced as a follow-up to the May 2010 "Oslo Conference on Armed Violence", where some 60 states committed themselves to measure and monitor the incidence and impact of armed violence in a transparent way, and develop targets and indicators to assess progress on reducing armed violence. This was part of the "Oslo Commitments on Armed Violence", the declaration endorsed by the conference. The conference was jointly organised by Norway and UNDP. The Oslo Commitments identify four key actions states can undertake, alone or in cooperation with each other, the UN, international organisations and civil society to reduce the incidence and impact of armed violence, both at the national and international level. The actions concern monitoring and reporting, the rights of victims, the integration of armed violence prevention and reduction strategies into planning and programming, the relationship with, and the role of, international cooperation and assistance. Armed violence is a global problem that manifests itself in a variety of ways in different geographical areas and political contexts in the world. Thus there is no one single way of addressing armed violence, and meaningful responses need to be multi-sectoral and adapted to local, national and regional contexts. A first step in developing effective responses is to acknowledge the problem and get an overview over its scope and magnitude. Details: Oslo: Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2010. 44p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 16, 2014 at Year: 2010 Country: Norway URL: http://www.genevadeclaration.org/fileadmin/docs/GD-MRC2/Armed_Violence_in_Norway.pdf Shelf Number: 131772 Keywords: Armed Violence (Norway)Guns and ViolenceViolenceViolence Prevention (Norway)Weapons |